Amethyst is a purple variety of quartz, known for its vibrant color ranging from pale lilac to deep violet. This gemstone is a member of the hexagonal crystal system and has a vitreous or glassy luster. Amethyst’s purple hue is attributed to iron impurities and irradiation during its formation. It’s a popular choice for jewelry due to its hardness (7 on the Mohs scale) and appealing appearance.